1. Hayes RB, Ziegler RG, Gridley G, Swanson C, Greenberg RS, Swanson GM, et al. Dietary factors and risks for prostate cancer among blacks and whites in the United States. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 1999; 8 (1):25-34
2. Eleazu C, Eleazu K, Kalu W. Management of benign prostatic hyperplasia: Could dietary polyphenols be an alternative to existing therapies? Front Pharmacol. 2017; 8:234. [
DOI:10.3389/fphar.2017.00234] [
PMID] [
PMCID]
3. Kaviani A, Golshan A R, Javanmard B, Lotfi B , Zahedi B.. Safety and efficacy of anticholinergic and α-blocker combination therapy in treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Ann Mil Health Sci Res. 2010: 7 (4): 268. [in Persian]
4. Ma CH, Lin WL, Lui SL, Cai X-Y, Wong VT, Ziea E, et al. Efficacy and safety of Chinese herbal medicine for benign prostatic hyperplasia: systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Asian J Androl. 2013; 15(4):471. [
DOI:10.1038/aja.2012.173] [
PMID] [
PMCID]
5. Tanagho EA, McAninch JW. Smith's general urology. Lange Medical Books/McGraw-Hill,; 2008.
6. Roehborn CG, Connell J. epidemiology, pathophysiology & natural history of prostate hyperplasia. In: Inp.c.wals (Ed.), Campbell urology.10th Ed. Philadelphia: Saunders; 2012.p. 2572-2586.
7. Lee SE, Hwang HJ, Ha JS, Jeong HS, Kim JH. Screening of medical plant extracts for antioxidant activity. Life Sciences 2003; 73: 167-79. [
DOI:10.1016/S0024-3205(03)00259-5]
8. Damiano R, Cai T, Fornara P, Franzese CA, Leonardi R, Mirone V. The role of Cucurbita pepo in the management of patients affected by lower urinary tract symptoms due to benign prostatic hyperplasia: A narrative review. Archives of Italian Urology and Andrology. 2016; 88(2):136-43. [
DOI:10.4081/aiua.2016.2.136] [
PMID]
9. Xie Q, Leng J, Lv J, Pantuck A, Yen L, Shariff M, et al. Saw Palmetto-Based Nutritional Supplement Prostataplex Relieves Symptoms of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) in Patients with Mild to Moderate BPH. Open J Urol. 2012; 2:104-8. [
DOI:10.4236/oju.2012.23018]
10. Coulson S, Rao A, Beck SL, Steels E, Gramotnev H, Vitetta L. A phase II randomised double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial investigating the efficacy and safety of ProstateEZE Max: a herbal medicine preparation for the management of symptoms of benign prostatic hypertrophy. Complement Ther Med. 2013; 21(3):172-9. [
DOI:10.1016/j.ctim.2013.01.007] [
PMID]
11. Dvorkin L, Song KY. Herbs for benign prostatic hyperplasia. Annals of Pharmacotherapy. 2002; 36(9):1443-52 [
DOI:10.1345/aph.1A228] [
PMID]
12. Vahlensieck W, Theurer C, Pfitzer E, Patz B, Banik N, Engelmann U. Effects of pumpkin seed in men with lower urinary tract symptoms due to benign prostatic hyperplasia in the one-year, randomized, placebo-controlled GRANU study. Urol Int. 2015; 94(3):286-95 [
DOI:10.1159/000362903] [
PMID]
13. Lee SE, Hwang HJ, Ha JS, Jeong HS, Kim JH. Screening of medical plant extracts for antioxidant activity. Life Sciences 2003; 73: 167-79. [
DOI:10.1016/S0024-3205(03)00259-5]
14. Mantle D, Eddeb F, Pickering AT. Comparison of relative antioxidant activities of British medicinal plant species in-vitro. J Ethnopharmacol. 2000; 72: 47-51. [
DOI:10.1016/S0378-8741(00)00199-9]
15. Yadav M, Jain S, Tomar R, Prasad G, Yadav H. Medicinal and biological potential of pumpkin: an updated review. Nutr Res Rev. 2010;23(2):184-90. [
DOI:10.1017/S0954422410000107] [
PMID]
16. Hong H, Kim C-S, Maeng S. Effects of pumpkin seed oil and saw palmetto oil in Korean men with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia. Nutr Res Pract. 2009; 3(4):323-7. [
DOI:10.4162/nrp.2009.3.4.323] [
PMID] [
PMCID]
17. Xanthopoulou MN, Nomikos T, Fragopoulou E, Antonopoulou S. Antioxidant and lipoxygenase inhibitory activities of pumpkin seed extracts. FRI. 2009; 42:641-646. [
DOI:10.1016/j.foodres.2009.02.003]
18. Abdel-Rahman MK. Effect of pumpkin seed (Cucurbita pepo L.) diets on benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH): chemical and morphometric evaluation in rats. World J Chem. 2006; 1(1):33-40.